#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>

int main()
{
    std::map<std::string, double> m;
    // The insert function takes in a key-value pair.
    std::pair<std::string, double> p1 { "bat", 14.75 };
    m.insert(p1);
    // The compiler will automatically construct values as
    // required when it knows the required type.
    m.insert({ "cat", 10.157 });
    // This is the preferred way of using a map
    m.emplace("cat", 10.157);

    // This is very dangerous, and one of the most common causes of mistakes in C++.
    std::cout << m["bat"] << '\n';

    auto it = m.find("bat"); // Iterator to bat if present, otherwise m.end()
    (void)it;

    // This is a great example of when to use auto, but we want to show you what type it is.
    for (const std::pair<const std::string, double>& kv : m) {
        std::cout << kv.first << ' ' << kv.second << '\n';
    }
}